In addition to the difficulties of their lives in a new country, the immigrants also have to deal with the perception of them among those who stayed behind. Obviously, some immigrants die before they even reach their new homes. Baba and Amir are among many Afghans who struggle to leave - under cover of night, unsure of the next passage, taking calculated risks. The Kite Runner effectively demonstrates that the difficulty of the immigrant experience begins when one attempts to leave his homeland. And the conservative Taliban, which outlaws many customs and traditions, also demonstrates the differences within the same religious groups.
In addition to the differences between Muslim sects, The Kite Runner also alludes to the differences between European and Western Christian cultures on the one hand, and the culture of the Middle East on the other.
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The socioeconomic differences are also explored in the United States, as Baba and many other immigrants give up lives of relative prosperity and security for manual labor and little pay. The socioeconomic conditions in Afghanistan demonstrate the disparity between the majority (Sunni Muslims) and the minority (Shi'a Muslims) and how people discriminate against each other based on physical features and religious beliefs. And most of them realize that both forgiveness and love of self are necessary before you are able to love another. Most of the characters are living a life that includes a personal quest for love. Hassan's character comes closest to demonstrating selfless love towards all others, and the other characters are able to learn from his example. Amir and Soraya illustrate romantic love, and their relationship plays an important part in Amir's character development. Ali, Baba, the General, Hassan, Rahim Khan, and even Amir demonstrate varying degrees of paternal love, each having expectations for his child and providing physical and/or emotional support. The two relationships thus demonstrate - albeit unknowingly to the characters - the nature of brotherly love, a love that includes jealousy and insecurity. Hassan's love for Amir is selfless, while Amir's for Hassan is mostly selfish. Thus, the only way complete forgiveness can occur is when one forgives oneself, and that will only occur when one has truly attempted to atone for the mistakes that one has made.Įvery relationship in The Kite Runner is strained at one point or another, thus providing multiple examples of the complexity of various types of love. Rahim Khan understands that it is God who readily forgives those who ask for forgiveness, but it is people who have a hard time forgiving. In his letter, he asks Amir to forgive him for keeping Baba's secret but also writes explicitly "God will forgive." Rahim Khan is confident that God will forgive all transgressions, and he encourages Amir to do so, too. Yet the person who speaks most poignantly about the nature of forgiveness is Rahim Khan. Baba's treatment of Hassan is his attempt at gaining public forgiveness for what he has not even publicly admitted to have done. Hassan's actions demonstrate that he forgives Amir's betrayal, although Amir needs to spend practically the entire novel to learn about the nature of forgiveness. Ideas about forgiveness permeate The Kite Runner. Only when Amir decides to take Sohrab to the United States and provide his nephew a chance at happiness and prosperity that was denied to his half-brother does Amir take the necessary steps toward atonement and redemption. Rescuing Sohrab from Assef is not enough either. Neither feelings of betrayal nor punishment are enough to redeem Amir. But Baba has been dead for fifteen years, and there is nothing he can do about the situation. When Amir finds out about Baba's betrayal of Ali (and subsequent betrayal of Hassan), he realizes that everything he thought he knew and understood about his father was false. That is why he still cringes every time Hassan's name is mentioned. But doing this clearly does nothing toward redeeming himself, and thus his guilt endures.
For most of the novel, Amir attempts to deal with his guilt by avoiding it. Betrayal, which can be considered a form of sin, is enduring and ends up being cyclical in The Kite Runner.
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